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Registering your property in Nigeria is an essential legal step that formalizes ownership and protects your rights. Failing to properly register your property can lead to disputes or, worse, the loss of your property rights. This guide walks you through the detailed process of registering property in Nigeria, with both common and overlooked information to ensure you’re thoroughly informed.
Registering your property is not only a legal requirement but also a protective measure. When you register your property, you get a Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), which serves as evidence of ownership. Without proper registration, your property is vulnerable to disputes, fraud, and government reclamation under the Land Use Act.
In Lagos, over 70% of properties are not formally registered, leaving many landowners at risk of losing their investments during government land audits .
The registration process varies slightly depending on the state, but here is the general procedure:
1. Obtain a Survey Plan: Before you can register your property, a registered surveyor must draw up a survey plan. This document shows the boundaries and size of your property.
2. Conduct a Search at the Land Registry: Conducting a search is essential to confirm that the land you intend to register is not under dispute or government acquisition. This search is conducted at the state’s Land Registry.
3. Submit Your Application: Submit your application to the Land Bureau or the Ministry of Lands. Your application should include the required documents (discussed below).
4. Pay the Required Fees: Each state has its fee schedule for property registration. These fees cover the cost of registration, survey plans, charting, and administrative processes.
5. Site Inspection by Government Officials: After submission, government officials will visit your property to verify its location, boundaries, and legal status.
6. Obtain Governor’s Consent: Under Nigerian law, all land is technically owned by the state governor. Therefore, before final registration, you need to secure the Governor’s Consent to validate the transfer of the property’s ownership.
7. Issuance of Certificate of Occupancy: Upon approval and completion of the above steps, you will be issued a Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), officially registering your property in Nigeria.
To register your property, you will need to submit the following documents:
The cost of property registration varies depending on the location and the value of the property. On average, registration fees account for 0.2% to 5% of the property’s value . Additional costs may include surveyor fees, legal fees, and administrative charges. In Lagos, for instance, fees can range between ₦200,000 and ₦500,000 depending on the land size and its location.
1. Lengthy Delays: Delays are common in property registration, especially in states with underfunded or inefficient land registries. Hiring a property lawyer or agent who is familiar with the state’s registration system can help expedite the process. Additionally, follow up regularly with the relevant officials to ensure your application is progressing.
2. Land Disputes: Disputed land ownership can significantly delay or prevent registration. Before purchasing land, ensure thorough due diligence by conducting land searches and verifying that the seller has clear ownership rights. This helps avoid disputes during registration.
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To avoid long delays in property registration:
The registration process typically takes 1 to 3 months, but in some states, it can extend beyond that due to bureaucratic delays. Hiring a lawyer or agent familiar with the system can help expedite the process.
The cost varies by state and the value of the property but can range from ₦200,000 to ₦500,000 in places like Lagos, depending on the size and location of the land.
No. A survey plan is a mandatory document for property registration. It defines the exact location and boundaries of the property.
The Land Use Act vests all land in a state under the control of the governor. Therefore, the Governor’s Consent is needed to validate any transfer or ownership of land.
Registering your property in Nigeria is a critical step in securing your land ownership rights. While the process may seem cumbersome, it is essential for protecting your investment from disputes, fraud, or government reclamation. By following the outlined steps and ensuring all required documents are submitted, you can successfully register your property and enjoy the full benefits of legal ownership.
Also Read:
How to Buy Land in Nigeria: A Legal Guide for First-time Buyers
Understanding the Land Use Act in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Guide
How to Verify Property Titles in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Guide
How to Obtain Building Permit in Nigeria: A Comprehensive Guide